Paper

Student Artwork Guide

Consolation

Name Class Date

Edvard Munch, Consolation (1894). Public domain. See this canvas under a moving light: the drawing, the true colour under the varnish, the bare pigment

The facts

Artist
Edvard Munch allpaintingsstore.com/en/artists/edvard-munch/
Artist’s dates
1863 – 1944
Painted
1894
Medium
Etching Lines bitten into a metal plate with acid, which lets the artist draw as freely as with a pen.
Original size
21 x 31 cm
Movement
Expressionism Colour and shape deliberately distorted so the picture shows an emotion rather than a likeness.
Period
Late Medieval
Artistic style
Emotional intensity
Influences
Symbolism
Notable elements
Textured lines, monochrome
Subject or theme
Grief, solace, connection

In context

Consolation — Edvard Munch

How big is it?

The original measures 21 × 31 cm (height × width), drawn here beside an adult of average height.

When was this painted?

  1. 1860
  2. 1870
  3. 1880
  4. 1890
  5. 1900
  6. 1910
  7. 1920
  8. 1930
  9. 1940

Row above: the years. Row below: how old the artist was at the start and at the end of each span — 0 at birth, 81 at death.

Painted when the artist was 31. The artist lived to 81. 106 of the 410 dated works by this artist in our catalogue came earlier.

Shaded: the lifetime of Edvard Munch (1863–1944) ▲ this work, 1894 every dated painting, decade by decade

First works: up to 1893 Main working years: 1893–1908 Late works: from 1908

Those three bands split the works this catalogue has a date for into a first quarter, a middle half and a last quarter. They are not the artist’s complete output: a thin stretch may be a gap in the record rather than a quiet spell. The same years with the artist’s life laid along them

Compare with

  • The Scream, 1893 allpaintingsstore.com/en/art/edvard-munch-the-scream-8XXU48-en/
  • Melancholy, 1894 allpaintingsstore.com/en/art/edvard-munch-melancholy-8XXU3N-en/
  • Madonna, 1894 allpaintingsstore.com/en/art/edvard-munch-madonna-8YDETZ-en/

Pick one work above: name two things it shares with this one, and one thing that's different.

More works to set beside this one: allpaintingsstore.com/en/art/similar/edvard-munch-consolation-D3989D-en/

Colours

Measured from the image

    Main colour

    Putty #d5cbbe

    Catalogued palette

    • #D5CBBE
    • #F3EFE6
    • #474843
    • #8F857D

    These colours inside the artist’s whole palette Find other paintings by colour

    Palette
    Neutrals The dominant colour family in the image.
    Main colour name
    Putty
    Intensity
    Monochromatic How saturated and varied the colours are, from a single toned-down hue to many bright ones.
    Contrast
    Statement How much the colours differ in lightness and saturation across the picture.
    Harmony
    Unified Palette How well the colours work together, from clashing to fully unified.
    Brightness
    Brilliant How light or dark the picture reads overall, from deep shadow to bright highlight.
    Saturation
    Muted How pure and strong the colours are, from near-grey to fully vivid.

    Where in the world is this painting looked at?

    • under 1%
    • 1–3%
    • 3–8%
    • 8–20%
    • 20% and over
    This painting alone has too few recorded visitors to map, so the plate reads every work by Edvard Munch over the last twelve months — 87 countries in all. Where these figures come from

    The ten leading countries

    1. 1 China 24.4%
    2. 2 Spain 14.4%
    3. 3 France 8.7%
    4. 4 United States of America 5.9%
    5. 5 Singapore 4.2%
    6. 6 Hong Kong 4.1%
    7. 7 Italy 3.6%
    8. 8 Brazil 3.2%
    9. 9 Japan 2.4%
    10. 10 Germany 1.8%
    11. · 77 other countries 27.3%

    Find the three darkest countries on the map. Is the museum that keeps this painting in any of them? Write down one reason people far away might look at it.

    The 20 most looked-at works by Edvard Munch

    1. 1 The Scream, 1893 27.8%
    2. 2 Madonna, 1894 8.1%
    3. 3 Melancholy, 1894 6.8%
    4. 4 Near the bed of death (fever), 1915 2.0%
    5. 5 The Child and Death, 1899 1.8%
    6. 6 Kiss, 1897 1.3%
    7. 7 Ashes, 1894 1.1%
    8. 8 Girls on the Pier, 1904 1.0%
    9. 9 Jealousy, 1895 0.9%
    10. 10 The Day After, 1895 0.9%
    11. 11 Christmas in the Brothel, 1905 0.9%
    12. 12 The Dance of Life, 1899 0.8%
    13. 13 The Girls on the Bridge, 1901 0.7%
    14. 14 Madonna, 1894 0.7%
    15. 15 Man and Woman I, 1905 0.6%
    16. 16 Self-Portrait, 1895 0.5%
    17. 17 Cree (casein on cardboard) 2, 1893 0.5%
    18. 18 Jealousy, 1907 0.4%
    19. 19 To the Forest, 1897 0.4%
    20. 468 Consolation, 1894 this painting 0.0%

    Together these works take 57.2% of all the attention this artist's paintings received over the last twelve months. The catalogue holds 629 works by this artist, of which 478 were looked at at least once. This painting ranks 468 of them, with 0.0% of that attention. The same counts, month by month

    Bars measure attention, not quality. Pick the work at the top and this one: name one thing that might make a painting famous beyond how well it is painted.

    About this artwork

    Consolation — Edvard Munch

    A Portrait of Anguish: Edvard Munch’s “Consolation”

    Edvard Munch's "Consolation," painted in 1894, isn’t merely a depiction of an embrace; it’s a raw, visceral exploration of grief and the tentative promise of solace. This iconic work, rendered in stark monochrome etching on paper, stands as a cornerstone of Expressionism, capturing not just the outward appearance of sorrow but the profound emotional turmoil simmering beneath the surface. It's a painting that demands attention, pulling you into its shadowed depths with an almost unbearable intensity – a testament to Munch’s ability to translate his own inner demons onto the canvas.

    The scene unfolds within a dimly lit interior space, dominated by the looming presence of two figures. A larger, nude male figure, embodying vulnerability and perhaps even despair, reaches out to embrace a smaller, partially obscured female form. The composition is deliberately centered around this intimate interaction, yet an unsettling sense of distance pervades the image. The background dissolves into a blurred abstraction of walls and shadows, creating a claustrophobic atmosphere that mirrors the emotional confinement experienced by both figures. Lines are aggressively textured – not smooth or refined, but jagged and restless, mirroring the turbulent emotions at play.

    Technique and Materials: A Masterclass in Expressive Etching

    Munch’s masterful use of etching is central to the painting's power. He employed a needle to meticulously transfer ink from a plate onto paper, creating an incredibly rich and layered surface. The deliberate scratching and layering of ink aren’t simply aesthetic choices; they are integral to conveying texture and emotion. The rough, tactile quality of the print invites viewers to almost feel the weight of sorrow pressing down on the figures. Notice how the darkest areas are achieved through multiple layers of ink, building up a dense, impenetrable blackness that symbolizes overwhelming grief. The subtle variations in tone – from the deepest shadows to the faintest hints of light – contribute to the painting’s dramatic intensity.

    The choice of monochrome further amplifies the emotional impact. Color is often associated with joy and vibrancy; its absence here underscores the bleakness and despair at the heart of the scene. It forces the viewer to focus entirely on form, line, and texture – elements that become even more crucial in conveying the painting’s complex narrative.

    Symbolism and Context: Echoes of Loss and Longing

    “Consolation” is deeply rooted in Munch's personal experiences. Like much of his work, it grapples with themes of loss, illness, and mortality – subjects that haunted him throughout his life. The painting’s title itself suggests a search for comfort amidst suffering; the embrace represents an attempt to find solace in connection, yet the figures remain isolated within their own private worlds. The obscured female figure, often interpreted as a representation of Munch's sister, Laura, who died from tuberculosis, adds another layer of poignant grief.

    Painted during a period of intense personal turmoil for Munch – following a mental breakdown and a failed marriage – “Consolation” reflects his own struggles with loneliness and despair. It’s not simply a depiction of sadness; it's an exploration of the process of grieving, capturing the awkwardness, vulnerability, and tentative hope that accompany the journey toward acceptance. The painting resonates powerfully because it taps into universal human experiences – the pain of loss, the yearning for connection, and the enduring search for meaning in a world often marked by suffering.

    A Timeless Masterpiece: Reproduction and Beyond

    Reproductions of “Consolation” offer a remarkable opportunity to bring this emotionally charged artwork into your home or office. High-quality hand-painted reproductions capture the intricate detail and textural richness of Munch’s original etching, allowing you to experience its power firsthand. Consider framing it in a dark wood frame to further enhance the painting's dramatic atmosphere. “Consolation” is more than just a beautiful image; it’s a profound meditation on the human condition – a timeless masterpiece that continues to resonate with viewers over a century after its creation.

    Artist and museum

    Artist

    Edvard Munch

    Born in Adelsbruk, Sweden

    A Life Shaped by Loss

    Edvard Munch arrived in the world in 1863, born into the stark landscapes of Norway. His early years were defined by a heavy presence of grief that would later find its way onto his canvases. The deaths of his mother and his sister, Sophie, both taken by tuberculosis, left a deep mark on his young mind. These losses created a preoccupation with mortality and the fragility of life that stayed with him forever. He grew up in a household where the shadows of sickness were never far away.

    His father, Christian, was a physician who struggled with intense religious devotion and mental instability. This atmosphere of dread and the vivid ghost stories told in his childhood helped shape his later visions. Munch did not merely paint what he saw; he sought to externalize his internal state. He called this approach soul painting. It was a way to translate psychological distress into visual form, using the colors and shapes of his own experience.

    The Path to Expressionism

    Munch began his formal studies at the Royal School of Art and Design in Kristiania, which is now known as Oslo. During this time, he moved within bohemian circles that challenged the strict rules of academic art. A significant influence was Hans Jæger, a nihilist who encouraged Munch to abandon conventional styles and instead focus on his own subjective emotions. This shift led him toward the development of Expressionism.

    Travels through Europe brought new perspectives to his work. In Paris, he encountered the techniques of artists like Paul Gauguin and Vincent van Gogh, particularly their use of color. In Berlin, his connections with figures such as August Strindberg further pushed his investigations into psychological themes. He began to move away from naturalistic representation, opting instead for distorted forms and rhythmic lines that could communicate the tremors of human existence.

    Themes and Lasting Impact

    Much of his work belongs to a series he called The Frieze of Life, where he explored the recurring cycles of love, fear, death, and anxiety. Some of his most recognized paintings include:

    The Scream: A work from 1893 that uses swirling, fiery landscapes to represent existential dread.

    Madonna: A piece that explores themes of sexuality and mortality.

    The Sick Child: A poignant reminder of the loss of his sister.

    Puberty: An exploration of the physical and psychological changes of youth.

    Munch was a highly active printmaker, using techniques like etching, lithography, and woodcut to expand his reach. He possessed over one thousand paintings at the time of his death in 1944. His ability to confront the darker aspects of the human condition helped pave the way for later movements like German Expressionism. Today, much of his legacy is preserved in the Munch Museum in Oslo, where his work continues to speak to the complexities of the human psyche.

    Where to read more

    Find this online

    QR code linking to the download page for Consolation

    allpaintingsstore.com/en/art/download/edvard-munch-consolation-D3989D-en/

    Cite this artwork

    MLA
    Munch, Edvard. Consolation. 1894, https://allpaintingsstore.com/en/art/edvard-munch-consolation-D3989D-en/
    APA
    Munch, Edvard (1894). Consolation [Painting]. https://allpaintingsstore.com/en/art/edvard-munch-consolation-D3989D-en/
    Chicago
    Edvard Munch. Consolation. 1894. https://allpaintingsstore.com/en/art/edvard-munch-consolation-D3989D-en/
    Harvard
    Munch, Edvard (1894) Consolation. Available at: https://allpaintingsstore.com/en/art/edvard-munch-consolation-D3989D-en/

    Look closely

    Consolation — Edvard Munch

    Look closely

    Answer in your own words. There are no wrong answers here — only answers you can explain.

    1. What catches your eye first, and why?
    2. Which colours or shapes create the mood — and what is that mood?
    3. How many faces can you find? ____ (our catalogue counts 2 — do you agree?)
    4. Our catalogue files this work under: grief and loss, human connection, emotional distress. Do you agree? What would you add, or take away?
    5. Look back at The Scream (1893), earlier in this guide. Name two things it shares with this work, and one that is different.

    Your response

    Write a short paragraph about this artwork. Use the facts from the earlier parts of this guide, and your answers above.

    Art quiz

    Consolation — Edvard Munch

    How well do you know this artwork?

    Tick one answer for each of the 5 questions below. Each has exactly one correct answer.

    1. 1. What is the primary emotion conveyed by Edvard Munch’s ‘Consolation’?

      • A Joy and celebration
      • B Grief, isolation, and despair
      • C Peaceful contentment
    2. 2. The etching 'Consolation' primarily utilizes which technique?

      • A Oil painting with vibrant colors
      • B Drypoint and aquatint, creating a textured surface
      • C Watercolor washes for delicate shading
    3. 3. What historical context is most relevant to understanding Munch’s work during the creation of ‘Consolation’?

      • A The rise of Romanticism and idealized beauty
      • B The late 19th-century anxieties surrounding industrialization and urbanization
      • C The flourishing of classical Greek sculpture
    4. 4. What symbolic element is most prominent in the image, suggesting a theme of solace?

      • A The bright light illuminating the male figure
      • B The dark, enveloping shadows surrounding the female figure
      • C The detailed depiction of their clothing
    5. 5. Edvard Munch was a key figure in which artistic movement?

      • A Impressionism
      • B Expressionism
      • C Cubism

    My score: ____ out of 5

    Answer key — for the teacher

    This starts a fresh printed page, so it can simply be left out of the copies.

    1B · 2B · 3B · 4B · 5B

    Check any answer against the catalogue record for this painting

    Questions & Answers

    Is "Consolation" by Edvard Munch a bright or a dark artwork?

    Overall, "Consolation" is recorded as brilliant. Perceived brightness describes how light or dark the work appears.

    How does "Consolation" fit into Edvard Munch's themes and style?

    "Consolation" shares with Edvard Munch's other works its Expressionism style and the recorded themes: exploring inner turmoil, recurring motif of suffering, key expressionist piece, symbolism, german art, romanticism's emotion, japanese prints (ukiyo-e), anxiety & modernity.

    What is the luminance of "Consolation" by Edvard Munch?

    "Consolation" by Edvard Munch has a luminous luminance. Luminance describes how much light the colors appear to reflect.