The Late Medieval shortlist
Simone Martini (1284–1344) is the most famous Late Medieval kunstner, best known for Maestà (Madonna with Angels and Saints) og Forkyndelsen og To Hellige. Then Andrej Rubljov, Ambrogio Lorenzetti, Pietro Lorenzetti og Hubert Van Eyck. The list covers 99 kunstnere born between 1271 and 1366 in 20 countries, from Yuan Dynasty to Hubert Van Eyck.
Method. Scope: artists filed under Late Medieval in our catalogue. Order: our artist fame ranking. Excluded: artists born after 1955 without a Wikidata identifier. Wikipedia figure: languages with an article, out of our 32.
Key data
Ranked list
1/ 99
Italiensk b. Siena International gotik Wikipedia 28/32
I 1319 færdiggjorde han Sankt Catharina af Alexandria Polyptych i Pisa. Saint Louis of Toulouse Crowning His Brother Robert of Anjou, 1317. Saint Louis of Toulouse Crowning His Brother Robert of Anjou, 1317.
Trained Lippo Memmi #10
2/ 99
Russisk b. Storfyrstendømmet Moskva Russisk ikonmaleri Wikipedia 31/32
Andrei Rublev (ca. 1360 – ca. 1430) står tilbage som en af de mest gådefulde og dybt indflydelsesrige skikkelser i den russiske kunsthistorie. I 1405 forenede han kræfter med Teofanes og Prokhor af Gorodets for at dekorere Bebudelseskatedralen, et vendepunkt i russisk ikonmaleri. Treenighedsikonet: Som uden tvivl Rublevs mest berømte værk er "Treenigheden" (ca. 1420-1428) et vidnesbyrd om hans kunstneriske geni.
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b. Siena Wikipedia 29/32
Selvom han i perioder blev overskygget af samtidige som Duccio og Simone Martini, og ofte diskuteres sammen med sin bror, maleren Pietro Lorenzetti, skabte Ambrogio sig en unik vej – præget af en innovativ ånd og et dybt engagement med verden omkring ham.
4/ 99
Italiensk b. Siena Tidlig renæssance Wikipedia 27/32
Født i det levende kulturelle landskab i Siena omkring 1280, udfoldede Lorenzettis kunstneriske rejse sig midt i en periode med betydelig intellektuel og kunstnerisk transformation i Toscana.
5/ 99
Hollandsk b. Maaseik Tidlig Nederlandsk Wikipedia 20/32
Født i Maasik omkring 1385 eller 1390 var han en del af en formidabel kunstnerisk dynasti; hans familiære forbindelser, herunder hans berømte bror Jan samt søskendene Lambert og Margaret, skabte en smeltedigel af kreativitet, der for altid ville ændre den europæiske malerkunsts bane.
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Italiensk b. Firenze Tidlig renæssance Wikipedia 23/32
Som en af de mest fremtrædende elever af den legendariske Giotto di Bondone arvede Gaddi ikke blot en stil; han udvidede sin tids visuelle sprog.
Trained Agnolo Gaddi #7, Jacopo Del Casentino (Jacopo Landino) #51
7/ 99
Italiensk b. Firenze Ghibellino og Tidig Renässans Wikipedia 20/32
Agnolo’s formative years were steeped in the influence of Giotto di Bondone—a figure whose frescoes at Assisi and Padua had irrevocably altered conceptions of pictorial representation.
Trained by Taddeo Gaddi #6
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Græsk b. Konstantinopel Byzantinsk ikonografi Wikipedia 22/32
Theophanes den Græker udmærkede sig ikke kun gennem sin kunstneriske vision, men også gennem sin tekniske mestring.
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b. Venedig Wikipedia 15/32
Paolo Veneziano (ca. 1333 – 1358) står som en monumental skikkelse i den venetianske kunsthistorie, universelt anerkendt som det fjortende århundredes vigtigste venetianske maler. Født ind i en kunstnerisk slægt i selve Venedig – hans far var selv en berømt kunstner – faldt Venezianos korte, men brillante karriere sammen med en transformativ periode i europæisk malerkunst.
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b. Siena Wikipedia 17/32
Lippo Memmi, født omkring 1291 i hjertet af Siena, Italien, står som en central figur i overgangen fra den byzantinsk-rodede tradition inden for middelalderlig malerkunst til den spirende elegance i den Internationale Gotiks stil.
Trained by Simone Martini #1
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Italiensk b. Zevio Gotisk kunst Wikipedia 20/32
Altichiero da Zevio, født nær den stille by Zevio i Verona omkring 1330, var ikke blot en kronikør af hellige begivenheder, men en pioner inden for den venetianske gotiske stil. Denne forbindelse, sandsynligvis smedet gennem et intimt studie af Giottos elever som Taddeo Gaddi, gjorde det muligt for Altichiero at gennemstrømme sit værk med en dyb følelse af volumen, tyngde og narrativ klarhed, som var revolutionerende for hans tid.
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Italiensk b. Arezzo Forbindelse mellem Giotto og den sienesiske skole Wikipedia 16/32
Født ind i en familie af florentinske guldsmede var hans sande navn Spinello Di Luca Spinelli, men han blev kendt i historien under øgenavnet "Aretino", hvilket signalerede hans tilknytning til Arezzo. I hans tidlige år arbejdede han i de travle værksteder i Firenze, hvor han bidrog til monumentale værker som fresker i kirkerne Carmine og Santa Maria Novella.
Trained by Jacopo Del Casentino (Jacopo Landino) #51 · Trained Lorenzo di Bicci #32
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Italiensk b. Firenze Ungrenæssance Wikipedia 17/32
Bernardo Daddi, født i Firenze omkring 1290 og bortgangen i 1348, står som en skelsættende skikkelse i overgangen fra den sene gotik til den spirende italienske renæssance. Ligeledes bemærkelsesværdig er "Sankt Stefanis martyrdød", der findes i Pinacoteca Vaticana – en predella bestående af otte paneler malet omkring 1345.
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Italiensk b. Pontecorvo Gotik
Andrea Pisano (ca. 1290 – 1348 Orvieto) står som en monumental skikkelse i den italienske renæssances skulpturkunst, men hans kunstneriske arv er uadskilleligt forbundet med den foregående gotiske æra og dybt formet af den revolutionerende indflydelse fra Giotto di Bondone.
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Italiensk b. Firenze Tidlig renæssance
Niccolò Di Tommaso, et navn der klinger lavmælt gennem de fjortende århundreders annaler for italiensk malerkunst, trådte frem i Firenze omkring 1346. Et skelsættende samarbejde med Nardo di Cione omkring år 1370 viste sig at være transformativt. Deres fælles indsats i Strozzi-kapellet i Santa Maria Novella repræsenterer et afgørende vendepunkt i Niccolòs kunstneriske bane.
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Kinesisk b. Wuxi De fire mestre fra Yuan-dynastiet Wikipedia 15/32
Hans navne var præget af tradition og poesi; hans æresnavn var Yuan Zhen (元鎮), og han benyttede kunstneriske pseudonymer som Yun Lin Zi (雲林子), Huan Xia Sheng (幻霞生), og Jing Man Min (荊蠻民). Ni Zan betragtes som en af de fire mestre fra Yuan-dynastiet, sammen med Huang Gongwang, Wu Zhen og Wang Meng.
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Italiensk b. Firenze Gotik-Sen-gotik
Andrea Di Cione (Orcagna), kendt i historien under det stemningsfulde øgenavn Orcagna, står som en af de mest indflydelsesrige skikkelser i florentinsk kunst i midten af det 14. århundrede—en periode præget af et fascinerende sammenspil mellem gotiske og sen-gotiske kunsttraditioner. Han blev født omkring 1308 i hjertet af Firenze og stammer fra en familie dybt forankret i byens prestigefyldte håndværkerkultur.
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Italiensk b. Firenze Gotik-Sen-gotik Wikipedia 20/32
Han blev formelt optaget i malernes laug i 1343-44 og sluttede sig senere til stenhuggernes laug i 1352, hvilket vidner om hans alsidighed og ambition på tværs af flere kunstneriske discipliner.
Trained by Andrea Pisano #14
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Italiensk b. Lombardien Proto-Renaissance
Født Giovanni di Jacopo di Guido da Caversaccio i Lombardiet omkring 1346, udfoldede hans kunstneriske rejse primært inden for det pulserende kulturelle landskab i Firenze under en tid med enorm forandring og innovation.
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Italiensk b. Siena Gotisk kunst Wikipedia 14/32
At vandre gennem de hellige sale i Collegiata di San Gimignano er som at møde et spøgelse fra Trecento-perioden, en kunstner hvis navn, Barna Da Siena, svæver i luften som røgelse i et middelalderligt kapel.
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Chinese b. Huzhou Yuan Dynasty Landscape Painting Wikipedia 14/32
Wang Meng’s compositions are often densely populated with elements—trees, rocks, mountains, streams—creating an immersive experience for the viewer. Wang Meng’s style was profoundly influenced by the landscape painters who preceded him – Wang Wei, Dong Yuan, and Juran – but he developed his own distinctive voice through his innovative use of brushwork and composition.
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Spanish b. Palma de Mallorca Nautical cartography
Background: Cresques was born into a Jewish family in Majorca, then part of the Crown of Aragon. Major Work: Cresques is most renowned for his authorship of the Catalan Atlas, completed around 1375 in collaboration with his son, Jehuda Cresques. Commissioned by: Prince John of Aragon, intended as a gift for Charles VI of France.
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French Medieval Art, Religious Paintings
His tapestries, particularly the famed “Seven Seals” cycle now housed in the Saint-Nicolas du Chardonnet church in Paris, offer a window into a world grappling with anxieties about mortality, divine judgment, and the impending end times – a perspective rarely found in contemporary art.
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Italiensk b. Venedig Byzantinsk kunst Wikipedia 11/32
Året 1336 runger i Italiens kunstneriske landskab, uadskilleligt forbundet med en skikkelse indhyllet i et fascinerende mysterium – Mesteren fra 1336. Mere præcist kendt som Giovanni Lipini giver denne kunstners navn, der stammer fra et mirakuløst fresko af Jomfru Maria i Santa Maria delle Grazie i Pistoia, et forførende indblik i hans oprindelse og varige indflydelse.
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Italian Trecento
It’s believed that Segna spent time in Florence during this period, absorbing influences from the burgeoning Florentine school, which was beginning to experiment with linear perspective and naturalistic representation. “ Mary Magdalen ” similarly demonstrates Segna’s skill in rendering human form and emotion, capturing the saint’s penitent gaze and humble demeanor.
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Italian b. Colle di Val d'Elsa Late Gothic Wikipedia 18/32
In the twilight of the Middle Ages and the dawn of the Italian Renaissance, few figures bridge the gap between the medieval workshop and the modern era as intimately as Cennino Cennini. Born around 1360 in the picturesque landscape of Colle di Val d'Elsa, Cennini was a man whose very existence was woven into the fabric of Florentine artistic tradition.
Trained by Agnolo Gaddi #7
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b. Siena Wikipedia 13/32
Ugolino di Nerio, et navn der i vid udstrækning er fraværende fra de gængse kunsthistoriske fortællinger, står som en skelsættende skikkelse i det spirende kunstneriske landskab i Siena og Firenze i 1320'erne.
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Italian b. Siena Early Renaissance Wikipedia 13/32
In works such as his Virgin and Child with Saints, one can witness the evolution of his hand—moving from the more rigid, ornamental patterns of the late Gothic style toward a more robust and naturalistic approach.
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Italian b. Florence Early Quattrocento
Despite the paucity of surviving paintings attributed to Lippo di Benivieni, his influence is palpable in several significant frescoes adorning churches throughout Siena and San Gimignano. Most notably, he collaborated with Bartolo di Fredi on the magnificent altar decoration of Santa Maria di Campagna, a testament to his skill as a muralist and his ability to synthesize Gothic and nascent Renaissance elements.
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Chinese Landscape painting
Beyond Wang Meng, echoes of earlier masters like Fan Kuan (c. 937-1020), renowned for his monumental landscapes and powerful brushwork, can also be detected in Zhao Yuan’s treatment of rock formations and atmospheric effects. His most celebrated works include Qingchuan Songbie (Farewell at Qingchuan) and Hexi Caotang (Grassland Cottage at Hexi).
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Italian b. Siena Sienese School Wikipedia 12/32
In the vibrant heart of the Sienese School, Andrea di Bartolo emerged as a master whose brush captured the profound spiritual intensity of his era. As the son and pupil of the prominent painter Bartolo di Fredi, Andrea’s artistic journey was deeply rooted in the traditions of his father's workshop.
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Italian Florentine School
He eschewed the heavy, dark backgrounds favored by many of his contemporaries, opting instead for lighter, more airy compositions that allowed figures to emerge with clarity and grace. Lorenzo's career was marked by numerous collaborations, often working alongside other prominent artists such as Agnolo Gaddi and Niccolò di Pietro Gerini.
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Belgian b. Ypres Early Netherlandish Painting Wikipedia 15/32
His influence can be traced through the lineage of the great Netherlandish painters, acting as a vital precursor to the technical perfection achieved by Jan van Eyck.
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Italiensk b. Firenze Florentinsk skole Wikipedia 8/32
Lorenzos mest ambitiøse foretagende var utvivlsomt freskokyklussen, der pryder Palazzo Medici – bestilt af Cosimo I de' Medici – et projekt der cementerede hans ry som en førende kunstner i sin tid.
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Italian b. Florence Venetian Renaissance Wikipedia 12/32
Born in Florence around 1354, his early years were steeped in the prestigious traditions of the Florentine school. As an apprentice to the renowned Agnolo Gaddi, Starnina was immersed in a world where the emotional depth of Giotto met the delicate, lyrical elegance of Simone Martini. The trajectory of Starnina’s life took a transformative turn when he migrated toward Venice around 1380.
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French Early Gothic painting
Jean Pucelle remains one of the most captivating enigmas in the annals of medieval art, a figure whose name is whispered with reverence by those who study the delicate transition from the rigid structures of the Middle Ages to the burgeoning humanism of the Renaissance.
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Italiensk b. Firenze Toskanisk maleri Wikipedia 12/32
Denne monumentale struktur, færdiggjort omkring 1359, fremviser Orcagnas exceptionelle kunnen som arkitekt og skulptør.
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Italian b. Piove di Sacco Early Renaissance; Venetian painting; Gothic art Wikipedia 12/32
Guariento di Arpo (c. 1310–1370) stands as a monumental figure of the Trecento, acting as the essential bridge between the grounded, volumetric realism of Florence and the ethereal, ornamental splendor of the Venetian Gothic tradition. The foundations of Guariento’s genius were laid in the workshops of his contemporaries, where the shadows of masters like Giotto di Bondone and Giovanni Pisano loomed large.
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Italian b. Pratovecchio Gothic & Early Renaissance Wikipedia 10/32
The story of Giovanni del Biondo is one woven into the very fabric of 14th-century Florence, a period of profound transition where the rigid elegance of the Gothic tradition began to breathe with the nascent vitality of the Early Renaissance.
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Hollandsk b. Haarlem Nordlig realisme
Claus Sluter (ca. 1350-1406) står som en af sin tids mest indflydelsesrige billedhuggere og markerede et afgørende vendepunkt mellem de gotiske og renæssancemæssige kunsttraditioner i Nordeuropa. Indskriften af hans navn i Bruxelles' stenhuggerværkstedregister omkring 1379/1380 bekræfter hans professionelle virke og understreger håndværkets betydning i den middelalderlige kunstkultur.
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Japanese b. Kyoto Rinzai Zen, Gozan Bungaku
Kokan Shiren (虎関師錬; 9 May 1278 – 11 August 1347), a pivotal figure in 14th-century Japan, stands as a unique confluence of artistic expression, philosophical depth, and historical scholarship. Shiren’s influence extends far beyond his own lifetime, shaping the landscape of Gozan bungaku (the Literature of the Five Mountains) and leaving an indelible mark on the development of Japanese Zen aesthetics.
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Italian b. Florence Gothic Wikipedia 7/32
Jacopo's dedication extended beyond commissions; he actively participated in shaping Florence’s cultural landscape through his involvement with the cathedral workshop and his role as consul of the Arte dei Medici e Speziali (1384, 1387, 1392).
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Italian b. Siena Sienese School Wikipedia 13/32
I hjertet af det fjortende århundredes Toscana, en periode defineret ved overgangen fra den gotiske æras eteriske ynde til renæssancens spirende humanisme, trådte Bartolo di Fredi frem som en mester af lys og fortælling. Han blev født i Siena omkring 1330 og var mere end blot en maler; han var en bro mellem to verdener.
Key works · Top 100 works · Bartolo Di Fredi reproductions
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German b. Dortmund International Gothic soft style Wikipedia 13/32
Born around 1370, von Soest emerged not merely as a local painter but as the preeminent Westphalian master of his era.
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Egyptian b. Amarna Amarna art style
He primarily worked with fine-grained limestone, a material readily available in the quarries surrounding Amarna. Perhaps Tuthmosis’s most celebrated achievement is undoubtedly the magnificent Bust of Queen Nefertiti, completed around 1340 BC.
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Italian b. Valmorea Italian Gothic Wikipedia 13/32
In the bustling streets of Florence, where the air was thick with the scent of fresh pigment and the echoes of a changing era, a painter named Giovanni di Jacopo di Guido da Caversaccio began to make his mark. Hailing from Lombardy, he arrived in Tuscany as a man seeking his fortune, appearing in the city's records as Johannes Jacobi de Commo.
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German b. Minden International Gothic Wikipedia 13/32
While sharing similarities with other artists of the period, such as Master Francke (another prominent Hamburg painter), Bertram's work possesses a distinct character—a subtle restraint in emotional expression compared to Francke’s more overtly dramatic approach. The Victoria and Albert Museum in London houses a 45-scene depiction of the Apocalypse, likely created by Bertram's workshop, further demonstrating his influence within the artistic community.
Key works · Top 100 works · Master Bertram reproductions
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Italian b. Siena Gothic architecture/sculpture
Agostino di Siena, born around 1285 in the heart of Tuscany, emerged as a pivotal figure in the transition from late Gothic to early Renaissance sculpture.
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b. Kyoto
Late in his career, Yoshimitsu increasingly sought to legitimize his power through the lens of Buddhist kingship.
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Netherlandish b. Valenciennes Pucellian revival
While contemporary chroniclers like Jean Froissart hinted at potential travels to England—suggesting a possible collaboration with artists like Jean de Liege—Beauneveu's primary impact remained rooted in the French and Low Countries territories.
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Italian b. Florence Renaissance
In the annals of Italian art, Jacopo remains a luminous figure, a painter who captured the very essence of Florentine devotion.
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Japansk b. Aichi-præfekturet Zen-buddhisme Wikipedia 12/32
Musō Soseki, en fremtrædende skikkelse inden for japansk kunst og spiritualitet, blev født i 1275 og gik bort den 20. oktober 1351. For et glimt af den stil, han inspirerede, kan man udforske værker som Li Yanshans "landskab i stilen fra Zhan Jingfeng", som, selvom det ikke direkte tilskrives Musō Soseki, afspejler den vedvarende indflydelse fra hans kunstneriske tilgang.
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Italian b. Pisa Gothic Art Wikipedia 11/32
Orcagna's Legacy: Andrea Orcagna’s influence is undeniable in Traini’s compositional strategies and expressive dynamism.
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Italian b. Bologna International Gothic Wikipedia 12/32
His legacy is found in: The Synthesis of Styles: The seamless integration of Riminese color palettes with Giottesque structural depth.
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Kurdish b. Erbil Company Style
Zain al-Din’s prominence grew during a period of significant change in India, as the power of the Mughal Empire waned and British influence expanded.
Key works · Top 100 works
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Spanish Gothic-Italian
Pere Serra, also known as Jaume Serra, stands as a compelling figure in the transition from the International Gothic style to the burgeoning Renaissance aesthetic within Catalonia.
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Mexicansk b. Tenochtitlan Mesoamerikansk kunst
De kunstneriske traditioner opstod i begyndelsen af det 14. århundrede i Tenochtitlan, hjertet af Aztekerriget, og var dybt forankret i arven fra tidligere mesoamerikanske civilisationer. Olmekerne, med deres kolossale hoveder og sofistikerede kalendersystemer, Teotihuacan-folket, berømt for deres massive pyramider og byplanlægning, og Toltekerne, mestre i metalarbejde og skulptur, bidrog alle til den rige kunstneriske vævning, som aztekerne arvede.
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Chinese b. Taizhou Yuan dynasty calligraphy
Some of his most notable achievements include: Teaching on Enlightenment: A masterpiece written in running script that is currently held within the prestigious collection of the Tokyo National Museum in Japan, recognized as a National Treasure.
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Italian Byzantine-influenced art; Gothic art
Born into a lineage of painters, likely the son of Martino and brother to Marco, Paolo’s very existence was woven into the fabric of Venetian artistic tradition.
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Italian b. Perugia Renaissance
In the golden twilight of the Middle Ages, as the rigid structures of the Byzantine tradition began to soften under the burgeoning light of the Renaissance, there emerged a figure of profound architectural and decorative significance in the heart of Italy. Matteo di Ser Cambio, an artist whose name echoes through the halls of Perugia and Florence, served as a vital bridge between the medieval past and the humanist future.
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b. Nanjing
Zhu Di was not a visual artist in the traditional sense, but rather the third emperor of China's Ming dynasty, known to history by his era name, the Yongle Emperor. Born in Nanjing, China, he rose from the position of Prince of Yan to become a formidable military leader and statesman.
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Catalan b. Avinyonet del Penedès Gothic painting
Ferrer Bassa emerged from the artistic landscape of 14th-century Catalonia as a pivotal figure, bridging the gap between established Gothic traditions and the burgeoning Italianate styles that would reshape European painting. His early commissions included creating miniatures for significant manuscripts such as the Uses of Barcelona and Costumes of Catalonia, demonstrating his exceptional skill in rendering detail and decorative artistry.
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Italian b. Modena Late Gothic Wikipedia 15/32
His distinctive style, characterized by earthy realism blended with humanist ideals, cemented his reputation as a master craftsman and intellectual whose oeuvre continues to inspire admiration for its sensitivity and technical prowess. The fresco cycle commemorating Dominican scholars—a project undertaken at the behest of Cardinal Giovanni Buoncompagni—represents a pinnacle of Renaissance artistic achievement.
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Italian b. Bologna Renaissance, Proto-Renaissance
D'Avanzi’s style occupies a fascinating position within the transition from Gothic art to the early Renaissance.
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Italiensk b. San Quirico d'Orcia Naturalisme, Proto-renæssance Wikipedia 10/32
Korsfæstelsen, Nedtagelsen fra korset og Gravlæggelsen er ikke blot fortællende scener; de er dynamiske kompositioner fyldt med følelsesmæssigt ladede figurer, fremstillet med en bemærkelsesværdig psykologisk indsigt.
Key works · Top 100 works · Paolo Di Giovanni Fei reproductions
The Coronation of the Virgin, and Saints
Madonna and Child
Madonna and Child Enthroned with Saint John the Evangelist, Saint Peter, Saint Agnes, Saint Catherine of Alexandria, Saint Lucy, an Unidentified Female Saint, Saint Paul, and Saint John the Baptist, with Eve and the Serpent; the Annunciation66/ 99
Italian b. Florence Early Italian painter Wikipedia 14/32
Tempera on Wood: The Pietà of San Remigio, currently held in the Uffizi Gallery.
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Yuan dynasty b. Jiashan County Wikipedia 12/32
The brush of Wu Zhen moved with a particular intent, seeking to capture the essence of the natural world through landscape paintings and the delicate forms of bamboo. His work Qing Jiang Chun Xiao remains a definitive example of how he achieved the integration of the Three Perfections, weaving together the intellectual weight of poetry and the fluid grace of calligraphy with the visual depth of his painting.
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Florentine b. Florence Later Gothic Wikipedia 10/32
While his roots remain firmly planted in the Florentine school, a distinct Sienese influence begins to emerge in his compositions.
Trained by Taddeo Gaddi #6 · Trained Spinello Aretino #12
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Italian b. Florence Early Renaissance Wikipedia 12/32
Unlike many of his contemporaries who embraced the burgeoning realism championed by artists like Altichiero and Jacopo d'Avanzi, Menabuoi prioritized conveying spiritual emotion over meticulous anatomical accuracy—a hallmark of Giotto’s artistic vision.
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French b. Hesdin International Gothic Wikipedia 13/32
Très Belles Heures du Duc de Berry (Brussels Hours): Considered his most significant work, showcasing elaborate scenes and detailed miniatures. Grandes Heures: Another important illuminated manuscript commissioned by the Duke of Berry.
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Italian b. Viterbo Early Italian Renaissance
In the heart of fourteenth-century Italy, amidst the spiritual awakening of the early Renaissance, the name Matteo Giovanetti emerged as a beacon of devotional mastery. His Annunciation, dated to approximately 1345, stands as a breathtaking testament to his ability to render the miraculous.
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Japan b. Yamashiro Zen buddhism art
He favored ink wash techniques (sumi-e), utilizing varying shades of black to create textured surfaces that mirrored the natural world—particularly landscapes reminiscent of Mount Yoshino, a sacred site venerated by Zen monks. Similarly, "Buddhist Maxim on the Saving Power of Amida" presents a concise koan inscription executed in elegant cursive script—a testament to Gukyoku's ability to distill complex philosophical concepts into visually arresting forms.
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Chinese Zen Buddhism
In the quiet, meditative corridors of history, few figures loom as large or as transformative as Seisetsu Shōchō (1274–1339). Born in China during the vibrant Yuan Dynasty, his life was a bridge between two worlds, spanning the intellectual rigor of Chinese scholarship and the spiritual revitalization of Japanese Zen.
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Italian b. Siena Sienese school
He possessed a rare, intuitive grasp of how to marry the ancient, ethereal majesty of Byzantine iconography with the burgeoning humanism and spatial curiosity emerging from Florence.
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Japanese b. Hara Zen painting
Hsieh Ho’s approach to capturing atmospheric effects through subtle shifts in hue and tone resonated deeply with Tettō's own desire to convey emotion and spiritual depth within his works.
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Italian b. Modena Byzantine-influenced Lombard Painting Wikipedia 12/32
Notable Works & Patronage: Barnaba’s prolific output encompassed around fifty paintings—a remarkable achievement considering the period—primarily focused on depictions of the Virgin Mary and Christ, often framed within elaborate architectural settings reminiscent of Byzantine churches.
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German-Bohemian b. Schwäbisch Gmünd Late Gothic
In the heart of the Late Middle Ages, a period defined by soaring spires and profound devotion, Peter Parler emerged as one of the most influential architects and sculptors of his era. Known variously as Peter von Gemünd or Petr Parléř, his identity was inextricably linked to the Parler family, a lineage of craftsmen whose influence stretched across much of Central Europe.
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Italiensk b. Barcelona Tidlig renæssance
bonanat descoll i de santcliment's kunstværker kan findes i forskellige museer og samlinger, herunder museu nacional d'art de catalunya.
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Chinese b. Beijing Landscape Art
The Four Masters: The Yuan Dynasty is particularly renowned for its “Four Masters” – Huang Xuan, Zhao Menggui, Wang Meng, and Ni Zan —who redefined the conventions of landscape painting and established a new aesthetic centered on simplicity, spontaneity, and profound contemplation.
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Italian b. Verona Trecento art
Giovanni di Rigino, a name resonating softly through the annals of Trecento sculpture, emerged from the vibrant artistic milieu of Verona in approximately 1315 or 1320. He ascended to become the chancellor for both Cansignorio della Scala and his successor, Antonio – powerful lords who governed Verona with ambition and a keen eye for cultural prestige.
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Italian b. Siena Gothic Art
His most recognizable works center on themes of the Annunciation, the Madonna and Child, and scenes from the life of Christ.
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Italian Gothic Art Italy
The city boasted a vibrant sculptural tradition, influenced by both French Gothic precedents and the burgeoning Italian style. The Monument to Bishop Tarlati is not only a testament to Agnolo's technical skill but also his ability to synthesize diverse artistic elements into a cohesive and emotionally compelling whole.
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Italian b. Milan Gothic
Composition & Technique: The tomb’s central panel showcases Dante and Virgil confronting Lucifer, capturing the terror and grandeur of Hell with astonishing accuracy.
84/ 99
Italian b. Arezzo Humanist poetry
His father, Ser Parenzo, held positions of considerable authority, including serving as Chancellor of the Commission for Reforms, demonstrating a family legacy rooted in public service and intellectual pursuits.
85/ 99
b. Siena
A significant partnership was formed with Agnolo di Ventura, culminating in their joint execution of the cenotaph of Guido Tarlati in the Cathedral of Arezzo (signed and dated 1330). While individual attribution can be challenging due to collaborative practices, D'Agostino’s contributions are evident in several key works: Cenotaph of Guido Tarlati (Arezzo Cathedral): A prime example of his sculptural skill and collaboration with Agnolo di Ventura.
86/ 99
Japanese b. Tokyo Zen Buddhism
Sesson Yūbai (雪村 友梅; 1290 – 14th day of the 1st month, 1347) stands as one of Japan’s most revered Zen Buddhist poets and monks—a figure inextricably linked to the profound aesthetic principles that define the Five Mountains School of Zen.
87/ 99
Egyptian b. Cairo Islamic Art
Sultan Al-Malik Al-Zahir Abu Sa’id Barquq, a name resonating through the annals of Mamluk Egypt, stands as a pivotal figure in the 14th-century Islamic world. Born in Cairo in 1339, his ascent to power marked not merely a change in leadership but a transition into the Burji period—a new era defined by Circassian dominance within the Mamluk Sultanate.
88/ 99
Italian b. Certaldo Humanism precursor
Born amidst the rolling landscapes of Certaldo in 1313, Giovanni Boccaccio emerged as a vital force in the cultural landscape of the fourteenth century. As one of the legendary "Three Crowns" of Italian literature—standing alongside the giants Dante Alighieri and Petrarch—his life served as a bridge between the medieval world and the dawning light of the Renaissance.
89/ 99
Japanese Buddhist Art
The historical significance of Emperor Kōgon lies in his ability to transform a period of political chaos into an era of artistic flourishing.
90/ 99
Japanese b. Tokyo Rinzai Zen
Jakushitsu Genkō (寂室 元光, june 23, 1290 – september 25, 1367) stands as a singular figure in fourteenth-century Japan—a Rinzai Zen master whose artistic output transcended mere craftsmanship to embody the very essence of contemplative practice.
91/ 99
Italian b. Sant Joan de les Abadès Sienese painting, Gothic influence
altarpiece of the passion, death, resurrection, and ascension of christ (1341-1342, museu episcopal de vic, spain) - a prime example of his alabaster sculpture work. virgin of boixadors (episcopal museum of vic, spain) - demonstrates his range in sculpting delicate, emotive pieces.
92/ 99
English b. Norwich Medieval Mysticism
Through these spiritual windows, she glimpsed a God characterized not by distant judgment, but by an overwhelming, compassionate intimacy.
93/ 99
Italian b. Florence Renaissance Painting Wikipedia 10/32
To study Nardo is to witness the evolution of the Florentine spirit: Technical Versatility: The seamless integration of sculptural depth with painterly fluidity.
94/ 99
Egyptian b. Amarna Ancient Egyptian Art
Born as Tutankhaten, the Living Image of Aten, his early years were defined by the radical, monotheistic shadows cast by his predecessor, Akhenaten. Yet, the boy who would become Tutankhamun possessed a destiny far greater than mere survival.
95/ 99
Italian b. Modena Giottesque & Bolognese
One of his most celebrated achievements, the Coronation of the Virgin, bears a proud inscription dating the work to March 1385, serving as a permanent testament to his hand.
96/ 99
Italian Venetian Gothic
Filippo Calendario stands as a pivotal figure in the artistic landscape of fourteenth-century Venice, primarily recognized for his monumental contributions to the construction and decoration of the Doge’s Palace—a testament to Venetian architectural prowess during its golden age. Born around 1315, likely in Florence, Calendario’s early life was shaped by the rigorous traditions of Italian craftsmanship.
97/ 99
Italian b. Pietrantonella Late Medieval Art
He was a progenitor of style, fostering a school of artists that included luminaries such as Agnello del Fiore and Guglielmo Monaco.
98/ 99
Italian b. Tosa Byzantine art
Equally significant was the work of Maso di Banco, a prominent Sienese painter known for his dramatic compositions and expressive figures. His frescoes, particularly the depiction of the Madonna and Child in the Church of San Domenico in Pistoia, reveal a deep understanding of religious iconography and narrative.
99/ 99
Japanese Zen Buddhist Art
Ryūshū Shūtaku, also known by his monastic name Myōtaku, was far more than a mere painter; he was a Zen monk-scholar whose life and art were inextricably woven into the fabric of Buddhist devotion. Born in 1307, Shūtaku’s existence was shaped by the rigorous discipline of the Zen tradition.
Best-known works
Chronology
Statistics
| Italy | 33 |
|---|---|
| Italien | 22 |
| Japan | 10 |
| China | 4 |
| Spain | 3 |
| France | 3 |
| Egypt | 3 |
| People's Republic of China | 2 |
| 1270s | 4 |
|---|---|
| 1280s | 9 |
| 1290s | 11 |
| 1300s | 9 |
| 1310s | 8 |
| 1320s | 12 |
| 1330s | 13 |
| 1340s | 9 |
| 1350s | 15 |
| 1360s | 9 |
| Metropolitan Museum of Art | 19 |
|---|---|
| National Gallery | 5 |
| Galleria degli Uffizi | 4 |
| Harvard Art Museums | 4 |
| National Gallery of Art | 4 |
| Yale University Art Gallery | 3 |
| Gemäldegalerie | 3 |
| Museum of Fine Arts | 3 |
Index
Simone MartiniItaliensk · 1284–1344Andrej RubljovRussisk · 1360–1430Ambrogio Lorenzetti1290–1348Pietro LorenzettiItaliensk · 1280–1348Hubert Van EyckHollandsk · 1366–1426Taddeo GaddiItaliensk · 1300–1366Agnolo GaddiItaliensk · 1350–1396Theofanes grækerenGræsk · 1335–1410Paolo Veneziano1333–1358Lippo Memmi1291–1356AltichieroItaliensk · 1330–1390Spinello AretinoItaliensk · 1350–1410Bernardo DaddiItaliensk · 1290–1348Andrea PisanoItaliensk · 1290–1348Niccolò Di TommasoItaliensk · 1346–1376Ni ZanKinesisk · 1301–1374Andrea Di Cione (Orcagna)Italiensk · 1308–1368OrcagnaItaliensk · 1315–1368Giovanni Da MilanoItaliensk · 1346–1369Barna Da SienaItaliensk · 1330–1380Wang MengChinese · 1308–1385Cresques AbrahamSpanish · 1325–1387Nicolas BatailleFrench · 1330–1405Lorenzo VenezianoItaliensk · 1336–1379Segna Di BuonaventureItalian · 1298–1326Cennino CenniniItalian · 1360–1440Ugolino Di Nerio1280–1330Taddeo di BartoloItalian · 1362–1422Lippo Di BenivieniItalian · 1296–1327Zhao YuanChinese · født 1350Andrea Di BartoloItalian · 1360–1428Lorenzo di BicciItalian · 1350–1427Melchior BroederlamBelgian · 1355–1410Bicci Di LorenzoItaliensk · 1350–1427Gherardo StarninaItalian · 1354–1413Jean PucelleFrench · 1300–1334Andrea di BonaiutoItaliensk · 1343–1379Guariento di ArpoItalian · 1310–1370Giovanni Del BiondoItalian · 1356–1399Claus SluterHollandsk · 1355–1406Kokan ShirenJapanese · 1278–1346Jacopo di CioneItalian · 1325–1399Bartolo Di FrediItalian · 1330–1410Conrad von SoestGerman · 1360–1423TuthmosisEgyptian · 1340–1300Giovanni da MilanoItalian · 1325–1370Master BertramGerman · 1345–1415Agostino Di GiovanniItalian · 1285–1347Ashikaga Yoshimitsu1358–1408André BeauneveuNetherlandish · 1335–1403Jacopo Del Casentino (Jacopo Landino)Italian · 1330–1380Musō SosekiJapansk · 1275–1351Francesco TrainiItalian · 1321–1365Vitale Da BolognaItalian · 1289–1359Sheikh Zain Al-DinKurdish · født 1325Pere SerraSpanish · 1357–1406AztekerrigetMexicansk · 1300–1521Liaoan QingyuChinese · 1288–1363Marco Di Paolo VenezianoItalian · født 1362Matteo Di Ser CambioItalian · 1351–1424Zhu Di1360–1424Ferrer BassaCatalan · 1285–1348Tommaso Da ModenaItalian · 1326–1379Jacopo AvanziItalian · 1350–1416Paolo Di Giovanni FeiItaliensk · 1345–1411GiottinoItalian · 1324–1372Wu ZhenYuan dynasty · 1280–1354Jacopo del CasentinoFlorentine · 1297–1358Giusto De' MenabuoiItalian · 1330–1393Jacquemart de HesdinFrench · 1350–1410Matteo GiovanettiItalian · 1322–1368Reisai GukyokuJapan · 1363–1452Qingzhuo Zhengcheng, Ch'Ing-Cho Cheng-Ch'EngChinese · 1274–1339Bartolommeo BulgariniItalian · 1305–1378Gikō TettōJapanese · 1295–1369Barnaba Da ModenaItalian · 1328–1386Peter ParlerGerman-Bohemian · 1330–1399Bonanat Descoll I De SantclimentItaliensk · 1310–1390Yuan DynastyChinese · 1271–1368Giovanni Di RiginoItalian · født 1315Domenico Di AgostinoItalian · 1317–1366Agnolo Di VenturaItalian · 1290–1349Giovanni Da CampioneItalian · 1320–1375Francesco Di PetraccoItalian · 1304–1374Giovanni d'Agostino1285–1347Sesson YūbaiJapanese · 1290–1347Sultan Al-Malik Al-Zahir Abu Sa’Id BarquqEgyptian · 1339–1399Giovanni Di Chellino BoccaccioItalian · 1313–1375Emperor KōgonJapanese · 1313–1364Jakushitsu GenkōJapanese · 1290–1367Bernat Saulet I El Taller De Sant Joan De Les AbadessesItalian · 1341–1342Mother JulianEnglish · født 1343Nardo di CioneItalian · 1320–1366TutankhamenEgyptian · 1345–1327Serafino SerafiniItalian · 1324–1393Filippo CalendarioItalian · 1315–1355Antonio Baboccio Da PipernoItalian · 1351–1435Zekkai ChūshinItalian · 1336–1405Ryūshū ShūtakuJapanese · 1307–1388FAQ
Simone Martini (#1) comes first, ahead of Andrej Rubljov (#2) and Ambrogio Lorenzetti (#3).
Simone Martini (#1), Andrej Rubljov (#2), Ambrogio Lorenzetti (#3), Pietro Lorenzetti (#4) og Hubert Van Eyck (#5).
The highest-ranked kunstnere born in Italien are Simone Martini (#1), Ambrogio Lorenzetti (#3), Pietro Lorenzetti (#4), Taddeo Gaddi (#6) og Agnolo Gaddi (#7).
The earliest-born kunstner in this list is Yuan Dynasty (#79), born in 1271.
Siena: 13 of the kunstnere in this list were born there.
Taddeo Gaddi (#6) taught Agnolo Gaddi (#7) og Jacopo Del Casentino (Jacopo Landino) (#51); Simone Martini (#1) taught Lippo Memmi (#10); Spinello Aretino (#12) taught Lorenzo di Bicci (#32).
The highest-ranked kunstnere born in Italy are Cennino Cennini (#26), Taddeo di Bartolo (#28), Lippo Di Benivieni (#29), Andrea Di Bartolo (#31) og Lorenzo di Bicci (#32).
Most kunstnere in this list were born in the 1350s (15 of 99), between 1271 and 1366 overall.
“For at opnå farvernes lysende kvalitet stolede Martini på tempera-teknikken.” — from our biography of Simone Martini (#1).
The highest-ranked living kunstnere in this list are Zhao Yuan (#30), Sheikh Zain Al-Din (#55), Marco Di Paolo Veneziano (#59), Giovanni Di Rigino (#80) og Mother Julian (#92).
Italy: 33 of the 99 kunstnere in this list were born there, then Italien (22) og Japan (10).
Our catalogue holds 1,514 works by these kunstnere. Each one can be ordered as a hand-painted oil reproduction or a print.
Guides
Other lists
Berømte Baroque-kunstnereNattevagten · Rembrandt Van Rijn
Berømte Contemporary Realist-kunstnereGlanskerne · Jean-François Millet
Berømte Impressionist-kunstnereStjernevisningen (New York, MoMA) · Vincent Van Gogh
Berømte Romanticist-kunstnereSaturn fortærende sin søn · Francisco Goya
Berømte Neoclassicist-kunstnereMarats død · Jacques-Louis David
Berømte Realist-kunstnereVerdens fødsel · Gustave Courbet
Berømte Renaissance-kunstnereMona Lisa (La Gioconda) · Leonardo Da Vinci
Berømte Dutch Golden Age-kunstnereJohannes Vermeer · Johannes Vermeer
Berømte Expressionist-kunstnereKomposition VII · Vasilij Kandinskij
Berømte Rococo-kunstnereAnkomst til Cythéra · Antoine WatteauBy period
Berømte Early Medieval-kunstnereSnowy River · Wang Wei
Berømte High Medieval-kunstnereMadonna in Maest (Ognissanti Madonna) · Giotto Di Bondone
Berømte Renaissance-kunstnereAdams skabelse · Michelangelo
Berømte Early Modern-kunstnereKaldet til at være Matthæus · Michelangelo di Caravaggio
Berømte 19th Century-kunstnereÅkander (eller Nympheas) · Claude Monet
Berømte Modern-kunstnereGuernica · Pablo Picasso
Berømte Contemporary-kunstnereWind Sculpture III (one in a series of nine) · Yinka ShonibareRelated lists
![Madonna of Humility, The Blessing Christ, Two Angels, and a Donor [obverse] af Andrea Di Bartolo](/media/artworks/images-thumb/f3/31/f3317163438ed194835309786408ef36.jpg)
![[Appointment of Romeu Desplà as administrator and notary for the works of the galleys at the Drassanes (shipyards) of Barcelona]\n\nAppointment af Bonanat Descoll I De Santcliment](/media/artworks/images-thumb/64/e7/64e7531469fd5686ef82dea4779099f0.jpg)
![Saint Peter [left panel] af Nardo di Cione](/media/artworks/images-thumb/45/65/4565bd93c5ceb8d7a9e277b4bdd827fe.jpg)
