Is Tramway under copyright?

No, this artwork is in the public domain.

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Artwork Description

The electric tram in Lima made its first appearance in 1904. Its first route was the Lima-Chorrillos route, starting from a station located in the Plazuela de la Exposición (today Plaza Grau). The second route it covered was the Lima-Callao route, starting from the San Juan de Dios square (on a corner of the current San Martin Square) and ending at La Punta. By 1918, Lima had 39 kilometers of roads, and by 1923, it increased to 166 kilometers and even had an expansion planned. However, starting in the mid-1920s, the tram service went into decline due to competition from cheaper fare buses, as well as operational problems. Over time, the tram began to be dedicated to the generation and distribution of electrical energy, and by 1965, they stopped working entirely in the capital.

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Artist Biography

Michel Eugène Courret: Pioneer of Peruvian Photography

Michel Eugène Courret (1839 – 1920) stands as a pivotal figure in the history of photography, particularly within Peru’s burgeoning artistic landscape during the late nineteenth century. Born in Angoulême, France, he embarked on a remarkable journey that propelled him from Parisian studios to the vibrant capital city of Lima, where he established himself as a celebrated cameraman and ultimately revolutionized visual documentation. His legacy extends beyond mere technical prowess; Courret's work embodies an era defined by intellectual curiosity, artistic experimentation, and a burgeoning fascination with capturing the essence of Peruvian society.

Early Life & Parisian Training

Courret’s formative years were spent honing his photographic skills in Paris under the tutelage of Eugène Maunoury, a respected innovator who championed the use of albumen prints – a technique that produced stunningly detailed images on sensitized paper. This training instilled in Courret a meticulous attention to detail and an understanding of artistic principles crucial for translating visual ideas into tangible representations. The influence of Maunoury’s approach is evident throughout Courret's oeuvre, demonstrating his commitment to mastering the craft while simultaneously absorbing broader aesthetic considerations.

Lima & Photographic Studio Founding

Driven by ambition and a desire to contribute to Peru’s cultural advancement, Courret arrived in Lima in 1860. Recognizing the potential for photographic artistry within the region, he swiftly partnered with his brother Aquiles to establish ‘Photo Central,’ marking the genesis of a studio that would become synonymous with Peruvian photography. This collaboration fostered innovation and propelled the studio's growth, attracting prominent figures from Lima’s intellectual elite – individuals eager to commemorate their lives and achievements through portraits. The establishment of Photo Central wasn’t merely a business venture; it was an act of artistic patronage aimed at elevating Peruvian visual culture.

Expanding Horizons & Artistic Collaborations

Courret's creative spirit continued to flourish as he expanded his studio’s operations, incorporating Adolph Dubreuil into the partnership in 1887. This collaborative effort yielded a prolific output of images documenting Lima’s architectural grandeur, social customs, and natural beauty. Courret’s artistic vision extended beyond portraiture; he embraced landscapes and genre scenes, skillfully blending technical precision with expressive artistry. His photographs captured not only what was seen but also what was felt—a testament to his ability to convey emotion through visual mediums.

Legacy & The Rediscovery of Negatives

Courret's studio amassed an impressive collection of over 150,000 negatives, representing a monumental archive of Peruvian life during the Belle Époque. Following Courret’s death in 1920, these negatives languished largely forgotten until 1987 when the Renigifo family generously donated them to the National Library of Peru. This fortuitous circumstance ensured the preservation of invaluable photographic treasures and sparked renewed interest in Courret's artistic contributions. The meticulous documentation of Peruvian society—a feat unparalleled at the time—solidifies Courret’s place as a pioneer whose images continue to inspire admiration for their beauty and historical significance. His work remains accessible through institutions like the Michele & Donald D’Amour Museum of Fine Arts and Stadtpalais Prinz Eugen, allowing audiences worldwide to appreciate his enduring legacy.